When looking at John 3:14-16 I’ve encountered three major
\nviews which expand, restrict or flatten the text. The labels which I will be
\nusing are placed in an effort to categorize the interpretation not to refer to
\nany of them pejoratively. Note that there may be some intermingling of these categories
\nbut this post isn’t concerned with that. Neither is this post concerned with
\nany theological framework that may be influencing the interpretation. My sole
\npurpose is to see if either of the interpretations handles the material
\ncorrectly and if it supports the subsequent thesis.<\/p>\n
<\/p>\n
\n\t
\nJust as Moses lifted up the snake in the desert, so the Son
\nof Man must be lifted up, that everyone who believes in him may have eternal
\nlife. For God so loved the world that he gave his one and only Son, that
\nwhoever believes in him shall not perish but have eternal life. (NKJV)<\/em><\/p><\/blockquote>\n
\nWhat is the Overview of interpretations?<\/strong><\/p>\n1) <\/span><\/span>Expand:
\nThese verses apply to Everyone or Anyone<\/p>\na. <\/span><\/span>Moses
\nlifted Serpent for all to see; Son of Man lifted for all<\/em> to see.<\/p>\nb. <\/span><\/span>That
\nGod loved everyone<\/em> so much that He
\ngave His Son for everyone<\/p>\nc. <\/span><\/span>Death
\nmeans something more than physical expiration (ie: punishment) but less than
\neternal damnation.<\/p>\nd. <\/span><\/span>Everyone will in the end be saved<\/em>, but
\nsome will be punished by \u00e2\u20ac\u0153death\u00e2\u20ac\u009d and those who believe will not suffer <\/span>\u00e2\u20ac\u0153death\u00e2\u20ac\u009d but be rewarded with life<\/p>\ne. <\/span><\/span>Therefore choose to believe now instead of
\npost-punishment belief<\/em><\/p>\n==Or==<\/p>\n
a. <\/span><\/span> <\/span>Moses lifts Serpent for any to see; Son of Man
\nis lifted for any<\/em> to see<\/p>\nb. <\/span><\/span>That
\nGod loved everyone<\/em> so much that He
\ngave His Son for anyone<\/em><\/p>\nc. <\/span><\/span>Death
\nmeans eternal damnation<\/p>\nd. <\/span><\/span>Anyone who chooses to continually believe<\/em>
\nwill have eternal life<\/p>\ne. <\/span><\/span>Therefore Choose to continually Believe<\/em><\/p>\n
2) <\/span><\/span>Restrict:
\nThese verses are restricted to only a certain group<\/p>\na. <\/span><\/span>Moses
\nlifted Serpent only<\/em> for Israel; Son of Man lifted only<\/em> for Israel<\/p>\nb. <\/span><\/span>God’s
\nlove restricted only for Israelites<\/em><\/p>\n==Or==<\/p>\n
a. <\/span><\/span>Moses
\nlifted the Serpent only for a select
\ngroup<\/em> of people<\/p>\n
\n<\/span>i.
\n<\/span><\/span>Christ was lifted up only for a select group<\/em> of people<\/p>\nb. <\/span><\/span>God’s
\nlove restricted only for a select group<\/em>
\nof people<\/p>\nIn both cases<\/p>\n
c. <\/span><\/span>Death
\nis a mark of being outside of that select
\ngroup<\/em> of people<\/p>\nd. <\/span><\/span>Everyone of the select group<\/em> of people
\nwill be saved.<\/p>\ne. <\/span><\/span>Therefore Only the True \u00e2\u20ac\u0153Israelites\u00e2\u20ac\u009d or
\n\u00e2\u20ac\u0153Select People\u00e2\u20ac\u009d will believe<\/em><\/p>\n3) <\/span><\/span>Flattening:
\nThese verses illustrate a truth\u00e2\u20ac\u201dnot an appeal to a truth<\/p>\na. <\/span><\/span>Moses
\nlifting the Serpent illustrates the Son of Man’s lifting up<\/p>\nb. <\/span><\/span>Death
\nis an illustration of eternal damnation<\/p>\nc. <\/span><\/span>Christ
\nillustrates a fact: whoever does X (believes) shall receive Y (eternal life)
\nwith no explanation of how that belief comes about.<\/p>\nd.
\n<\/span><\/span><\/em>Therefore nothing.
\nThis is a fact.<\/em><\/p>\nTherefore the normal reading of the verse draws key
\ninformation from the following parts of the verses (1) The Son of Man lifted up,
\n(2) God so loved the world, (3) Death, (4) Belief and Eternal Life<\/p>\n
\nWhat is the Analysis of the Focal Points<\/strong>
\nA play by play of exegesis would bloat this post so I’ll
\nhone in on those points mentioned in the previous paragraph. Since point 2 (God
\nso loved the world) might be dependant on what the other statements mean, I
\nwill save that to last.<\/p>\n
\nThe Son of Man Lifted Up<\/em><\/p>\n1) <\/span><\/span>Seems
\nto read as a metaphor: Christ is lifted up like Moses<\/p>\n2) <\/span><\/span>Verse
\n14 focuses first on Moses actively lifting the serpent then on Christ passively
\nbeing lifted. By swapping it and highlighting the way the lifting up is being
\ndone (again, active vs. passive) we must wonder about the author’s intent<\/p>\n3) <\/span><\/span>Verse
\n15 culminates in \u00e2\u20ac\u0153eternal life\u00e2\u20ac\u009d via belief and verse 16 culminates in \u00e2\u20ac\u0153eternal
\nlife\u00e2\u20ac\u009d via belief. Verse 15 is still part of the original thought of Verse 14
\nyet in verse 16 we have God actively giving the Son with no mention of the
\nSon’s activity at that giving indicating multiple comparisons.<\/p>\n4) <\/span><\/span>Multiple
\ncomparisons with a metaphor is more the language of analogy<\/p>\n5) <\/span><\/span>As
\nan analogy, Jesus is comparing two separate events by having the listener (Reader
\nor Nicodemus) look at the analogy details. Why use an analogy: the original
\nquestion stands (outside the scope of the post but have to refer to it: How can
\na man be born again so as to enter the kingdom of God\u00e2\u20ac\u201dhow can these things be?)
\ntherefore a problem solving method is offered. Moses actively lifted the
\nSerpent as God actively gave the Son. The Serpent didn’t lift itself just as
\nthe Son didn’t lift Himself.<\/p>\n
\nDeath<\/em><\/p>\n1) <\/span><\/span>The
\ndeath statement resides in part B of a probable analogy. If it is an analogy
\nthere should be a \u00e2\u20ac\u0153death\u00e2\u20ac\u009d statement in part A<\/p>\n2) <\/span><\/span>Moses
\nlifted the Serpent in the Wilderness alone does not have a death statement<\/p>\n3) <\/span><\/span>Therefore
\neither Moses lifting the Serpent in the Wilderness isn’t an analogy or Jesus is
\nasking the \u00e2\u20ac\u0153listening\u00e2\u20ac\u009d party to provide the missing parts of the analogy
\n(Numbers 21:4-8)<\/p>\na. <\/span><\/span>The
\npeople all sinned<\/p>\nb. <\/span><\/span>God
\nsent poisonous snakes to bite the people<\/p>\nc. <\/span><\/span>Many
\ndied<\/p>\nd. <\/span><\/span>The
\npeople needed salvation from death<\/p>\ne. <\/span><\/span>Some
\nof the people asked for intervention.<\/p>\nf. <\/span><\/span>God
\nhad Moses build a Bronze Serpent that anyone who was bitten and looked could
\nlive<\/p>\ng. <\/span><\/span>Moses
\nlifted the Serpent in the Wilderness<\/p>\nh. <\/span><\/span>Those
\nwho looked, lived; presumably those who didn’t look died.<\/p>\n4) <\/span><\/span>Jesus’
\nreference contains a death statement that reinforces the analogy. Death in Part
\nA of the analogy was a physical death from poison coursing through the veins.
\nDeath in Part B of the analogy is also a death that is coming upon those who
\nneed a cure.<\/p>\n
\nBelief and Eternal Life<\/em><\/p>\n1) <\/span><\/span>Seeing
\nthat there are multiple points of convergence within the analogous statement we
\nwould look for the same regarding \u00e2\u20ac\u0153belief and eternal life\u00e2\u20ac\u009d.<\/p>\n2) <\/span><\/span>In
\nthe Serpent situation there was no mention of belief only of people asking for
\nintervention and looking after they were bit<\/p>\n3) <\/span><\/span>In
\nthe Serpent situation there was no mention of eternal life only people living
\nafter looking at the Serpent<\/p>\n4) <\/span><\/span>Since
\nthe Serpent appears to be pivotal in this situation (as the Son of Man is in
\nthe later argument) it can not refer to the people requesting intervention.<\/p>\n5) <\/span><\/span>Therefore
\nthe analogy is expansive in Part B (as many analogies are).<\/p>\na. <\/span><\/span>Savior
\nMoses lifted a bronze item as the Savior God actively gave the Son of man to be
\nlifted up. The passive Serpent was lifted up like the Living Son of Man is
\npassive in his being given. Death came to those in the wilderness from death in
\ntheir veins just as death is coming for all those who have death coursing in
\ntheir veins. The ones who looked on the Serpent lived, the ones who believe on
\nthe Son lived eternally. The ones who looked on the Serpent trusted that God’s
\nprovision was what would ensure life and the ones who believe are the ones who
\ntrust that God’s provision would ensure eternal life.<\/p>\n6) <\/span><\/span>Therefore
\nbelief in the Son resulting in eternal life is being compared to seeing the
\nserpent as the only hope resulting in physical life. Therefore some people will
\ndefinitely live eternally and others will die. Some will rely on the Son and
\nothers will not\u00e2\u20ac\u201dthere is no mention here of how they will rely although in the
\nMoses situation it seems to imply that people could rely on the serpent simply
\nby turning and looking.<\/p>\n
\nGod so loved the World<\/em><\/p>\n1) <\/span><\/span>The
\noriginal reads \u00e2\u20ac\u0153In this manner God loved the world\u00e2\u20ac\u009d. We’ve already established
\nthat this is all occurring in the framework of an analogy so then \u00e2\u20ac\u0153God so loved
\nthe world\u00e2\u20ac\u009d or \u00e2\u20ac\u0153In this manner God loved the world\u00e2\u20ac\u009d still fits within the
\ncomparison.<\/p>\n
\nHow does this view compare with the others?<\/strong><\/p>\n1) <\/span><\/span>For
\nthe sake of categorization I’ll call this the Literary view simply because of
\nfocus on a literary model (the analogy).<\/p>\na. <\/span><\/span>Just
\nas Moses did this with the Serpent in this situation resulting in life and not
\ndeath for those who looked; so God did with His Son in this situation resulting
\nin eternal life and not death for those who believe<\/p>\nb. <\/span><\/span>In
\nthis way God loved the world introduces a continuation of the analogy and not a
\nstatement of the expanse of God’s love.<\/p>\nc. <\/span><\/span>Death
\nis likened to that in Numbers (so that means at least physical) but is being used as a foil to the greatness of
\n\u00e2\u20ac\u0153eternal life\u00e2\u20ac\u009d<\/p>\nAlthough I think all the views properly touch on some of the
\ncorrect data, I do not think that they are completely sound. And in each case,
\nthe appeal (or lack of appeal) be it to everyone, a community or no-one doesn’t
\nseem to follow from the discussion in John 3 and seems to draw for information
\noutside of the thought-flow of that chapter.The Flattening view is correct in that
\nthose who have X have Y but have an odd position when they see no higher
\npurpose for the transmission of the information (to Nicodemus and to ourselves)
\nthan stating a fact of how things work. If so, why bother using an analogy? The
\nRestricting view also has to ask itself why the author decided to include this
\nextremely restrictive discussion in his overall presentation of \u00e2\u20ac\u0153that you may
\nbelieve\u00e2\u20ac\u009d without a modifier like \u00e2\u20ac\u0153Israelites\u00e2\u20ac\u009d or \u00e2\u20ac\u0153of the Church\u00e2\u20ac\u009d The Expanded
\nView also faces some difficulties when it looks at the complexities of the
\ndiscussion. <\/span><\/p>\n\n\t
\nJust as Moses actively lifted the Serpent in the desert so
\nthen the Son of Man must be lifted up in order that any person that relies in
\nHim will have eternal life. Because this is the way God loved the world; He actively
\ngave the only begotten Son that any person that relies on Him will not die but
\nhave eternal life.<\/em><\/p><\/blockquote>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"When looking at John 3:14-16 I’ve encountered three major views which expand, restrict or flatten the text. The labels which I will be using are placed in an effort to categorize the interpretation not to refer to any of them pejoratively. Note that there may be some intermingling of these categories but this post isn’t […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_monsterinsights_skip_tracking":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_active":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_note":"","_monsterinsights_sitenote_category":0,"jetpack_post_was_ever_published":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_access":"","_jetpack_dont_email_post_to_subs":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_tier_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paywalled_content":false,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":"","jetpack_publicize_message":"","jetpack_publicize_feature_enabled":true,"jetpack_social_post_already_shared":false,"jetpack_social_options":{"image_generator_settings":{"template":"highway","default_image_id":0,"font":"","enabled":false},"version":2}},"categories":[6,9,3,19],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-295","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-christ","category-salvation","category-study","category-textlanguage"],"yoast_head":"\n
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The labels which I will be using are placed in an effort to categorize the interpretation not to refer to any of them pejoratively. Note that there may be some intermingling of these categories but this post isn’t […]","og_url":"https:\/\/biblearchive.com\/blog\/a-literary-view-of-john-314-16\/","og_site_name":"Rey Reynoso's Bible Archive","article_publisher":"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/reyreynoso","article_author":"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/reyreynoso","article_published_time":"-0001-11-30T00:00:00+00:00","article_modified_time":"2007-06-24T18:32:06+00:00","author":"rey","twitter_misc":{"Written by":"rey","Est. reading time":"8 minutes"},"schema":{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org","@graph":[{"@type":"Article","@id":"https:\/\/biblearchive.com\/blog\/a-literary-view-of-john-314-16\/#article","isPartOf":{"@id":"https:\/\/biblearchive.com\/blog\/a-literary-view-of-john-314-16\/"},"author":{"name":"rey","@id":"https:\/\/biblearchive.com\/blog\/#\/schema\/person\/e8c55a4aab6df13bed13eae5edfab9aa"},"headline":"A Literary View of John 3:14-16","datePublished":"-0001-11-30T00:00:00+00:00","dateModified":"2007-06-24T18:32:06+00:00","mainEntityOfPage":{"@id":"https:\/\/biblearchive.com\/blog\/a-literary-view-of-john-314-16\/"},"wordCount":1670,"commentCount":0,"publisher":{"@id":"https:\/\/biblearchive.com\/blog\/#\/schema\/person\/e8c55a4aab6df13bed13eae5edfab9aa"},"articleSection":["christ","salvation","study","text\/language"],"inLanguage":"en-US","potentialAction":[{"@type":"CommentAction","name":"Comment","target":["https:\/\/biblearchive.com\/blog\/a-literary-view-of-john-314-16\/#respond"]}]},{"@type":"WebPage","@id":"https:\/\/biblearchive.com\/blog\/a-literary-view-of-john-314-16\/","url":"https:\/\/biblearchive.com\/blog\/a-literary-view-of-john-314-16\/","name":"A Literary View of John 3:14-16 - Rey Reynoso's Bible Archive","isPartOf":{"@id":"https:\/\/biblearchive.com\/blog\/#website"},"datePublished":"-0001-11-30T00:00:00+00:00","dateModified":"2007-06-24T18:32:06+00:00","inLanguage":"en-US","potentialAction":[{"@type":"ReadAction","target":["https:\/\/biblearchive.com\/blog\/a-literary-view-of-john-314-16\/"]}]},{"@type":"WebSite","@id":"https:\/\/biblearchive.com\/blog\/#website","url":"https:\/\/biblearchive.com\/blog\/","name":"Rey Reynoso and The Bible Archive","description":"Notes and Thoughts from An Unabashedly Plymouth Brethren Blogger","publisher":{"@id":"https:\/\/biblearchive.com\/blog\/#\/schema\/person\/e8c55a4aab6df13bed13eae5edfab9aa"},"potentialAction":[{"@type":"SearchAction","target":{"@type":"EntryPoint","urlTemplate":"https:\/\/biblearchive.com\/blog\/?s={search_term_string}"},"query-input":{"@type":"PropertyValueSpecification","valueRequired":true,"valueName":"search_term_string"}}],"inLanguage":"en-US"},{"@type":["Person","Organization"],"@id":"https:\/\/biblearchive.com\/blog\/#\/schema\/person\/e8c55a4aab6df13bed13eae5edfab9aa","name":"rey","image":{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"en-US","@id":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/biblearchive.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2012\/03\/cropped-tba_banner.jpg?fit=1000%2C288&ssl=1","url":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/biblearchive.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2012\/03\/cropped-tba_banner.jpg?fit=1000%2C288&ssl=1","contentUrl":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/biblearchive.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2012\/03\/cropped-tba_banner.jpg?fit=1000%2C288&ssl=1","width":"1000","height":"288","caption":"rey"},"logo":{"@id":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/biblearchive.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2012\/03\/cropped-tba_banner.jpg?fit=1000%2C288&ssl=1"},"sameAs":["http:\/\/www.biblearchive.com","https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/reyreynoso","https:\/\/x.com\/reybeez"],"url":"https:\/\/biblearchive.com\/blog\/author\/biblerey\/"}]}},"jetpack_publicize_connections":[],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"","jetpack_shortlink":"https:\/\/wp.me\/pbR50-4L","jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"jetpack-related-posts":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/biblearchive.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/295","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/biblearchive.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/biblearchive.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/biblearchive.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/biblearchive.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=295"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/biblearchive.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/295\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/biblearchive.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=295"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/biblearchive.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=295"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/biblearchive.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=295"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}